3 4 5 --------- three digits
2 3 ------ two digits
Now let take a look at some examples of multiplication of whole numbers
Multiply the following whole numbers without the use of calculator.
a. 323 by 64
b.. 573 by 120
Solution
a. 323 and 64
3 2 3
x 6 4
-----------------------------
1 2 9 2
+ 1 9 3 8 0
-------------------------------
2 0 6 7 2
--------------------------------
Interpretations
That is how its done, simple to carry out without the used of calculator. The above operation, is all about 3 by 2 digits numbers.
3 2 3 will multiply with 4 first , we say, 3 x 4 = 12 , we keep 2 rm 1 ( rm means, remainder) 2 x 4= 8 + 1 = 9 then 3 x 4 = 12
we have : 1 2 9 2.
second; 3 x 6 = 18 , we keep 0 before 8 rm 1, 2 x 6 =12 + 1 = 13 we keep rm 1, then 3 x 6 =18 + 1= 19
we have 1 9 3 8 0 + 1 2 9 2.
Wow that's how it goes.
b. 573 and 120
5 7 3
1 2 0
x
---------------------------------------
0 0 0
+ 1 1 4 6 0
+ 5 7 3 0 0
----------------------------------------
6 8 7 6 0
-----------------------------------------
Interpretations
In this one, we have 3 by 3 digits numbers, first:
5 7 3 will multiply with 0 , 3 x 0 = 0, 7 x 0 = 0 then 5 x 0 = 0 we have 0 0 0
then 5 7 3 will multiply with 2 , but we keep 1 zero before we say, 3 x 2 = 6 , 7 x 2 = 14 we keep 4 rm 1, then 5 x 2 = 10 + 1 = 11 we have 11460
last, 5 7 3 will multiply with 1 but we keep 2 zeros before , 3 x 1 = 3 , 7 x 1=7, then 5 x 1 = 5 , we then have 5 7 3 0 0.
so we have , 0 0 0 + 11460 + 5 7 3 0 0 = 68960
In some cases, if you're asked in terms of finding the products between numbers, the term products means multiplication (times)
4 3 x 4 = 43 + 43 + 43 + 43
= ( 43 + 43 ) + ( 43 + 43 )
= 86 + 86
= 1 7 2 the products
We asked, find the products between the following whole numbers:
a. 2 3 and 1 1
b. 5 4 and 10
Solution
a. 2 3 and 1 1
2 3
x 1 1
-------------------------
2 3
+ 2 3 0
-------------------------
2 5 3
--------------------------
First, 23 will multiply with 1 at the back , 3 x 1 = 3 , 2 x 1= 2 we have 23.
Second , 23 will multiply with 1 in front, but 1 zero before we say, 2 x 1 =2 , 3 x 1 =3, we have 230
then 23 + 230 = 253
b. 5 4 and 10
5 4
1 0
x
----------------------
0 0
+ 5 4 0
-------------------------
5 4 0
-------------------------
Now solve these
Find the product of the following whole numbers
i. 23 by531
ii. 414 by 100
iii. 763 by 3
iv. 428 by 12
If you have questions, please put them in the comments box.
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